Marion Brothers

Marion Brothers

Tuesday, September 30, 2008

Thank You for Voting NO

U. S. Representative Michael C. Burgess
WASHINGTON, DC OFFICE
1224 Longworth House Office Building
Washington, DC 20515
P: (202) 225-7772
F: (202) 225-2919

RE: Thank You for Voting NO

Thank You for Voting NO on this bottomless bucket bailout plan. Change the name of the game from “bailout plan” to “rescue plan”, it is evident somebody is bailing out and it is not the homeowners who are being foreclosed upon.

Who are we fooling? A rose by any other name is still a bailout.

Even as policy makers worked on details of a $700 billion bailout of the financial industry, Wall Street began looking for ways to profit from it.

Financial firms were lobbying to have all manner of troubled investments covered, not just those related to mortgages.

At the same time, investment firms were jockeying to oversee all the assets that Treasury plans to take off the books of financial institutions, a role that could earn them hundreds of millions of dollars a year in fees.

Nobody wants to be left out of Treasury’s proposal to buy up bad assets of financial institutions.

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/22/business/22lobby.html

Even before we bury the dead, the vultures are already picking over the bones.

Rudy Giuliani is positioning his law firm to cash in on Wall Street's train wreck - a move that has become a gift to political enemies of his pal John McCain.

Source: http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/09/25/2008-09-25_rudy_giulianis_crass_opportunism_reflect.html

Am I dreaming or what?

Thank you again for your courage. You have my support in the November 4 election against Democrat Ken Leach.





How the Texas delegation voted

Against
Rep. Joe Barton, R-Arlington
Rep. Michael Burgess, R-Lewisville
Rep. John Carter, R-Georgetown
Rep. Mike Conaway, R-Midland
Rep. Henry Cuellar, D-Laredo
Rep. John Culberson, R-Houston
Rep. Lloyd Doggett, D-Austin
Rep. Louie Gohmert, R-Tyler
Rep. Al Green, D-Houston
Rep. Gene Green, D-Houston
Rep. Ralph Hall, R-Rockwall
Rep. Jeb Hensarling, R-Dallas
Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Houston
Rep. Sam Johnson, R-Plano
Rep. Nick Lampson, D-Stafford
Rep. Kenny Marchant, R-Coppell
Rep. Michael McCaul, R-Austin
Rep. Randy Neugebauer, R-Lubbock
Rep. Solomon Ortiz, D-Corpus Christi
Rep. Ron Paul, R-Surfside
Rep. Ted Poe, R-Humble
Rep. Ciro Rodriguez, D-San Antonio
Rep. Mac Thornberry, R-Clarendon

For
Rep. Kevin Brady, R-The Woodlands
Rep. Chet Edwards, D-Waco
Rep. Charlie Gonzalez, D-San Antonio
Rep. Kay Granger, R-Fort Worth
Rep. Rubén Hinojosa, D-Mercedes
Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson, D-Dallas
Rep. Silvestre Reyes, D-El Paso
Rep. Pete Sessions, R-Dallas
Rep. Lamar Smith, R-San Antonio

Monday, September 29, 2008

BEFORE you go to the polls

ELECTION CENTER – UNITY ‘08
Source: http://www.ncbcp.org/

BEFORE you go to the polls:

1. VERIFY your Registration Status BEFORE Election Day – Make sure you are listed on the registration roll by calling your local Board of Elections.

2. VERIFY your Polling Location before Election Day. Call 1-866-698-6831.

3. BRING YOUR I.D. Don’t Leave Home Without It! To be safe, bring your voter registration card, driver’s license, government-issued photo ID. If you have a problem voting call: Election Protection @ 1-866-OUR-VOTE.

4. VERIFY the date and location to vote early or absentee in your state @ www.blackcampaign.org then VOTE FIRST.

5. DO NOT WEAR anything with a candidate’s name. It is illegal to try to sway voters one way or another by the garb that you wear.

Amended and Endorsed by Eddie G. Griffin (BASG)


Tarrant County Elections
November 4, 2008 Election - Important Dates


September 5, 2008 First day to apply for a ballot by mail.

October 6, 2008 Last day to register to vote.
(Voter Registration applications must be received or clearly postmarked by this date.)

October 20, 2008 First day of in-person early voting.

October 28, 2008 Last day to apply for a ballot by mail.
(must be received, not merely postmarked)

October 31, 2008 Last day of in-person early voting.

November 4, 2008 ELECTION DAY
(polls open 7:00 AM until 7:00 PM)

November 10, 2008 Last day to receive absentee ballots sent from outside the United States (must have been placed in the mail by Election Day).

Friday, September 26, 2008

What do you mean, Sucker?

TO PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH:

What do you mean, Sucker?

Genesis 11:6-9- And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do. Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech. So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off from building the city. Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.

Babbling Idiots

Yesterday’s fiasco in Washington sent me scrambling for a word, and the word was “Babel”, because I saw a bunch of babbling idiots play out this insane government bailout plan on national stage.

One minute, you were all speaking the English language, agreed in principal on the tenets of this Bailout Bill. The next minute, the English language becomes “confounded”. It is called the Babel Effect.

Who is President George Bush calling a “sucker”, anyway: the American people or the Economy?

If the American people are not the suckers for bailing out Wall Street (which we are), then the Economy must be the “sucker”.(You bet, sucking our wallets, our bank accounts, our credit cards dry. So what, you probably have already spent over your credit limit like me)

If you are confounded in Washington, D.C., in the very seat of power, I am all the more confounded by your choice of words at this time of national crisis. “Sucker”, is the mouth disconnected from the brain?.

Are the American people “suckers” like as in fools? Or, is the Economy the “sucker” insofar as sucking the American consumer’s pocket dry?

Point of clarification, Mr. President: What do you mean, Sucker?

Eddie Griffin (BASG)

Thursday, September 25, 2008

Solution to the Economic Crisis

Editor Note: I hate to complain about a problem and not offer a tenable solution

So let me lay out the outline for a comprehensive plan to solve the current financial crisis.

First, we should finish the job we started. That is to say, we should buy out the rest of the private investors in Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Thus, homeowners who are threatened with foreclosure can seek a government-owned financial haven to restructure and refinance their mortgage debts, (maybe extending their 30-year note to 40-year notes, which are not now possible with private financial institutions). We know that private market capitalization of mortgage debt makes it impossible to restructure homeowners’ loans, nor can these institutions stop the bleeding of foreclosures or prevent glutting the housing marketing with foreclosed properties.

Second, we should finish buying out AIG and convert it into a full service financial institution where businesses and consumers would have access to alternative lines of credit and finance capital. With a full service government-own financial institution, interest rates would stabilize and GDP would not decline.

This plan assures the American people of their level of risk and provides a public haven for those in financial distress. Rather than providing the government with a $700 billion blank check to bailout Wall Street and reward its CEOs with obscene bonuses and golden parachutes, the American public’s dollar would bailout financially distressed homeowners and cash strapped businesses, with the added benefit of direct oversight and management. Rather than propping up Wall Street after its reckless leveraging of consumer and homeowner debt above and beyond acceptable risk levels, government oversight removes the cut-throat profit motive in the financing system.

This solution is more akin to the true American public sentiments to save the economy, without rewarding the fat cats on Wall Street. In the meantime, let the capitalist Free Market system heal itself, since it is no longer capable of extending credit to the current market and incapable of financing new development and commercial expansion.

Free Market principals dictate Wall Street should heal itself, and not place their burdens on the American public’s back.

We have already crossed into uncharted territory. We have precedence in the Savings and Loan bailout, where commercial property appraisals were intentionally and corruptly inflated in order to siphon off the excess value in the form of profits and executive bonuses. There is no doubt that, with the current bailout package, we will be faced with the same.

Mortgages, once deemed dead or valued at zero, would suddenly regain book value after being written off by mortgage lenders, and then auctioned to the government. What then was once of no value is suddenly pawned off on the taxpayer at an inflated appraised valuation.

We started a trend of nationalization of our financial industry, although everyone decries this is something we do not want to do. We are already trapped somewhere in between capitalism and socialism. However, if we are going to socialize risk and bear the loss and then turn around and allow the private sector to keep the prime assets and reap all the profits, we may as well nationalize both risk and profit taking.

That is the only way the American taxpayers can be assured of equity in the “new financial system” now under construction in Washington.

President George Bush is in no negotiating position because, within 40 days, he will be a lame duck anyway. And, Wall Street is in no negotiating position because it caused the mess.

Where I come from, you are either part of the problem or part of the solution, and the above is neither part nor parcel in the solution.

Tuesday, September 23, 2008

Why We Reject John McCain

McCain Repeatedly Voted Against Raising The Minimum Wage. In the senate, John McCain voted at least eight times against measure to increase the minimum wage. [HR 2, Vote #23, 1/24/07; S.Amdt. 44 to S. 256, Vote #26, 3/07/05; S.Amdt. 128 to S. 256, Vote #27, 3/07/05; S.Amdt. 3079 to S.Amdt. 2951 to S.Con.Res. 101, Vote #76, 4/07/00; S.Amdt. 1383 to S. 1429, Vote #239, 7/30/99; S. 96, Vote #94, 4/28/99; S .Amdt. 3540 to S.Amdt. 3559 to S. 1301, Vote S.Amdt. 4272 to H.R. 3448, Vote #183, 7/06/96]

McCain Housing Speech Blamed Americans Who “Bought Homes They Couldn’t Afford” and Argued Against Vigorous Federal Intervention. On March 25th, John McCain delivered a speech on the housing crisis. According to the New York Times, “McCain appeared to be trying to confront questions about his dexterity in dealing with the economy, a subject that he has admitted is not his strongest suit.” During the speech, McCain said, “Some Americans bought homes they couldn'’t afford, betting that rising prices would make it easier to refinance later at more affordable rates.” The New York Times reported, “Mr. McCain argued this week against a vigorous federal intervention to address the crisis, saying Washington should not bail out banks and homeowners who in his view had knowingly taken on risky mortgages.” [New York Times, 3/26/08; 3/28/08]

McCain Voted Against Addressing The Disproportionate Number Of Minority Children In Prison. In 1999, McCain voted to table an amendment that required States to address juvenile delinquency prevention efforts and system improvement efforts designed to reduce, without numerical standards or quotas, disproportionate number of juvenile members of 'racial minority groups' who come in contact with juvenile justice system. The motion to table passed 52-48. [S 254, Vote #130, 5/19/99]



McCain Consistently Voted Against The Civil Rights Act Of 1990. In 1990, McCain voted against a bill designed to address employer discrimination at least 4 times. According to the Washington Post, the “Civil Rights Act of 1990 is designed to overturn several recent Supreme Court rulings that made it much more difficult for individual employees to prove discrimination. The legislation, being fought by business, also would impose new penalties on employers convicted of job discrimination.” [S 2104, Vote #304, 10/24/90; Vote #276, Vote #275, 10/16/90; Vote #161, 7/18/90; Washington Post, 7/9/90]

McCain’s Plan: Tax Cuts To For Businesses. According to the Associated Press, John McCain proposed a long-term economic plan that would lower the corporate income tax rate and provide several other tax breaks for businesses. McCain proposed cutting the corporate tax rate to 25 percent from 35 percent. McCain said that his plan was “pro growth, less taxes and less spending” versus “the Democrats’ tired ideas of tax and spend.” [Associated Press, 1/17/08]

Monday, September 22, 2008

Vote NO on Bailout

U. S. Representative Michael C. Burgess
WASHINGTON, DC OFFICE
1224 Longworth House Office Building
Washington, DC 20515
P: (202) 225-7772
F: (202) 225-2919

Monday, September 22, 2008

RE: Vote NO on Bailout

My Dear Congressman:

If ever this letter finds you naked with embarrassment over this obscene bailout package, let me be the first constituent to advise you to vote it down. And don’t think, for one minute, George Bush is in some kind of bargaining position to dictate the terms of this rescue. In fact, we could have cared less if AIG and the whole finance industry went under.

What vested interest do poor people have in finance? How many have a surplus in their bank accounts, a house rent-free, gas in their tanks, and food on the table?

When I came to you last year, with hat in hand, begging members of Congress to raise the minimum wage rate to provide some relief for the poorest of the poor, you lectured me about the virtues of the Free Market system and the law of Supply and Demand, and letting natural economic forces determine the labor market’s wage levels. If a person were was not satisfied with his or her wages, I recall you saying, he or she was “free” to seek employment elsewhere.

If these are not your exact words, they were clearly your sentiments. Now that this over-glorified Free Market system is bankrupt and on life support, as evidence by this massive nationalization of the financial industry, what have you to say about today’s $25-a barrel spike in oil? Why not just finish the job by nationalizing the oil industry, not to mention the auto industry? Then we would truly be a socialized oligarchy, letting the private sector reap all the profit while the taxpayer underwrites all the risk.

Not only would the government raise the debt ceiling in order to print more money, but flooding the market with more dollars, only dilute and devalue the dollars already in circulation. Next thing you know, we’ll be printing million-dollar denominations like Zimbabwe. The costs of commodities would skyrocket, not because the prices would actually go up, but because the diluted dollar would go way down in value.

Wall Street is all about saving Wall Street, not the average American consumer. Never mind the thousands whose homes were lost in foreclosure to mortgage companies, financiers, and bankers. When 99% of the nation’s wealth increasingly gravitates into the hands of fewer and fewer, we all find ourselves economic slaves of the one percent.

They hold the mortgages to our homes. They hold our money in the vaults of their banks. They hold our credit card debts and our car notes. They hold our retirement accounts. They hold our jobs, our livelihoods, our children’s future, and all our security. Now we are forced to dance to their music.

Indeed, there is the possibility that one day we could wake up and not be able to get our cash out of our ATMs or use our credit cards. There is also the possibility that our mortgage insurance would have gone through the roof and house note payments untenable.

This is not the working of free market laissez faire capitalism. This is the inevitability of the law of capital accumulation.

In other words, to them that have more is given; and to them that have not more is taken away, even as much as they have and more. Those with the most capital attract the more capital. Those with the head start in economic advantage and gain can only increase its lead over those left behind. That is why we are all wage slaves of the rich.

The proliferation of credit has put all of us in debt. We buy food and pay with our credit card. We buy gas and pay with our credit card. Almost everything we have is financed by credit. And, whatever little nest egg we have accumulated is offset by our debt, and our income is eaten up by interest and taxes.

On the surface, we may look like a prosperous nation. But underneath, our net worth is zero or less. Middle class America is no more. We are a myth of our own existence. The eternal struggle in the distribution of international wealth is no longer between rich and poor, but between the rich and the super-rich. The rest of us are sidelined in poverty.

Why should those of us who have already been eaten by the sharks care about the super-rich gobbling up the mediocre rich? We should have never bailed out Wall Street to begin with. They should have been forced to bite the bullet like the rest of us.

The rich has been leveraging the money of poor people all along. They take our payroll deposits and then gamble it on Wall Street. In good economic times, they give us a fraction of what they reap, albeit in the form of interest. We, in turn, are satisfied with the security of our deposit. And, for the most part, financial institutions have made good on their promissory, knowing that consumer deposits are backed, to some degree, by government-backed insurers.

But debt is leveraged upon debt like a house of cards. Financial institutions bank upon future consumer payments. Therefore, they capitalized consumer debt by borrowing against future payments, only to gamble more money in the stock market. When the consumer can no longer pay the debt, the financial institutions can no longer pay its debt. The big fish eats the little fish; and the bigger fish eats the big fish, and the biggest fish eats the bigger fish, and so on. The wealth of the nation is accumulated into the hands of fewer big fish.

It’s as natural in a capitalist economy as the law of gravity. But capitalism has reached its apex. Big capitalists are eating up the little capitalists.

It is no wonder that the slave can never accumulate the level of wealth of their slave masters or their descendants. Even going from chattel slavery to wage slavery, freemen still produced more wealth for their former slave masters than they could every possibly produce for themselves. A five percent raise for a CEO will always be exponentially greater than the same five percent rate hike for a wage earner. It is economically impossible for the wage earner to catch the CEO. It is economically impossible for slave descendants to catch up with the descendants of slave owners. Likewise, it is impossible for the worker to catch up to the financiers of consumer debt.

However, if the house of cards should fall, we would all, at least, go back to square one, to the days of the caveman, where the law of the Survival of the Fittest would apply equally to all. The slave then becomes equal to his slave master. The worker and CEO are in the same unemployment boat. Rich and poor would stew together in the same pot.

This was not the way it was meant to be. We are gregarious by nature, or so we say. We should be helping each other survive. But is this the way financiers treated homeowners on the brink of losing their humble abode? Did they step in to help; and, in helping, also help themselves? Not so!

They evicted without mercy, throwing homeowners onto the streets, and putting their houses back on the market to be resold and refinanced. However, now when they realize that they have glutted the housing market with foreclosed properties they can not resell, they cry to the government for a bailout, and the government wrings the pockets of the taxpayer and gives Wall Street whatever it wants.

Never have we seen a shift in burden like this since the days of kings and lords and dukes, when the peasants were enslaved by royal land owners. To live on the land and produce food for survival, peasants had to pay rent in the form of commodities which, in turn, supported the lavish lifestyle of the nobility. And, during economic hard times when crops failed, the same landlords evicted peasants off the land without mercy.

No sir, this is not free market laissez faire capitalism. This is medieval serfdom, a step back in time in the direction of caveman days. Will we revert to brute rule or a police state?

The vote before you and Congress is a Damned If You Do – Damned If You Don’t situation. Dig your way out of this hole, and then let’s talk about Socialism and nationalization instead of the Free Market and fairy tale laissez faire capitalism.

Thursday, September 18, 2008

Economy Collapses: Every Man for Himself

By Eddie Griffin

Thursday, September 18, 2008

What in the world is going on? It’s anarchy!

Robber Barons stick up the federal piggy bank. Homeowners are being thrown out on the streets, houses being foreclosed on by mortgage companies, and mortgage companies are going bankrupt. It is a mad cycle of looting.

And, what do we do?

The government turns around and gives AIG $85 billion dollars to keep the financial markets from totally collapsing. With that same money, the government could have saved thousands of homeowners and stabilized the economy.

But no! That would have been too much like socialism. Bailing out poor homeowners would have been an unwarranted federal infringement upon the Free Market system.

So, what do we call the nationalization of AIG, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac?

I tell you what to call it. Call it ANARCHY.

The economy is fundamentally sound. Who said that? If the economy were fundamentally sound on yesterday, how did it suddenly become an overnight crisis? Obviously, somebody didn’t know what they were talking about.

One day chicken, next day feathers and I am supposed to believe that all was well on yesterday.

I watched at homeowners boarded up their houses and fled Hurricane Ike, hoping their homes would be safe against the storm. And, I remember some homeowners in New Orleans standing by their windows, ready to shoot any looter that came along and threatened their property. But when the mortgage companies and banker come along with eviction papers, it’s a different story. We will protect our homes to the death, but when the Robber Barons send out the constable out to do their dirty work, we capitulate like a helpless baby.



Wall Street got drunk? Who said that?

Wall Street got drunk only because King George II opened up the winery. This is what happen when drinking with friends, and the friend lets drunkard take control of the wheel.

But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment. For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean. (Isaiah 28:7-8)

All Tables are Full of Vomit

"All investors know they are taking a chance when buying stocks or mutual funds, but now one money market -- the safest of all stock investments -- has done something once unthinkable and actually lost money… The Reserve Fund's Primary Fund, the very first money market mutual fund ever established, had its value fall below $1 this week, thanks to investments in now-bankrupt Lehman Brothers… Falling below $1 is called “breaking the buck." ("First Stocks, Now Money Markets?" by Scott Mayerowitz, ABC NEWS Business Unit)

Drunk and Delusional

“The fundamental structure of money market funds remains sound. These funds are subject to strict regulation governing credit quality, liquidity, diversification and transparency,” the Investment Company Institute, the industry's trade association, said Wednesday.

Fundamentally sound? Where have I heard that song before? The same drunkards gulping from the keg are the same at the till.

And, that little nest egg we set aside for our retirement, or send a child to college, or weather economic hard times now has a crack in it, and the yoke of our investment is seeping out.

All I can say is: Every man for himself. In the meantime, I am locking my doors, boarding up my windows, and standing watch with my shotgun, ready for the first invader who tries to come in and take my stuff. I’m putting a sign out for the constable that says, “Warning: Bad Dog”.

UPDATE from AP Business Writers Patrick Rizzo and Jeannine Aversa

NEW YORK – Wall Street's biggest crisis since the Great Depression forced the Federal Reserve and central banks in other countries to pump billions of dollars into the world's banking system in an urgent bid to stop further damage.

The Fed plowed as much as $180 billion into money markets overseas. At home, the New York Federal Reserve acted to ease a spike in overnight lending rates by injecting $55 billion into the banking system.

Wall Street initially rallied, but it shed the gains and traded mostly lower by midday. Treasury securities and gold soared as investors fled to their relative safety.

Worries about even the safest investments intensified as Putnam Investments suddenly closed a $15 billion money-market fund after institutional investors quickly pulled out cash.

And the two remaining major Wall Street investment banks — Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and Morgan Stanley — were under siege.

President Bush canceled an out-of-town trip to stay in Washington and to huddle with Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. Bush pledged to do all that was necessary to stem the crisis, whose fallout threatens the already fragile economy.

"The American people can be sure we will continue to act to strengthen and stabilize our financial markets and improve investor confidence," Bush said.

Republican presidential candidate John McCain said that if he were president, he would fire Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Christopher Cox.

The move by the Fed and its overseas counterparts was aimed at boosting waning confidence and getting banks around the world to open their ever-tightening purse strings. Banks have been increasingly reluctant to lend to each other as distrust spread throughout the financial system.

A sharp rise in borrowing costs has worsened as bad bets on dodgy mortgage-backed securities claimed more Wall Street giants. The total amount of commercial paper fell by $52.1 billion for the week that ended Wednesday, as banks cut back the short-term loans companies from small garment factories to General Electric Co. depend on for their daily operations. At the same time, the interest rate on those short-term loans more than doubled, with rates for seven-day paper jumping to 4.5 percent from 2.5 percent.

Asian stocks closed lower. European shares rose, but struggled to maintain the gains.

Russia closed its stock exchanges for a second day Thursday as President Dmitry Medvedev pledged a 500 billion ruble ($20 billion) injection into financial markets to stem a dizzying plummet in share prices — and quash fears of a repeat of the country's 1998 financial collapse.

The Dow Jones industrials slipped about 25 points in whipsaw trading by early afternoon Thursday after dropping 450 points Wednesday when a Fed bailout of American International Group Inc., one of the world's largest insurers, failed to settle the markets' frayed nerves. About $700 billion in investments vanished and trading volumes set new records Wednesday.

Investors were dumping their money into 3-month Treasury bills, considered one of the safest investments around. Gold prices spiked to nearly $900 an ounce, up $45.

Demand for super-safe Treasuries surged Wednesday, sending the yield on the 3-month Treasury bill briefly into negative territory for the first time since 1940. That meant investors were willing to pay more for certain Treasury securities than they expected to get back when the investments matured, a rare event.

Putnam Investments said its board voted to close the Putnam Prime Money Market Fund effective at the close of business Wednesday. Putnam will distribute all fund assets to institutional clients. The fund had required a minimum $10 million initial investment.

Putnam says the closure is not linked to the credit quality of the fund's holdings, but is a reaction to "marketwide liquidity issues." The money manager said investors pulled out money en masse Wednesday, even though the fund has maintained a safety benchmark of holding at $1 in assets for each dollar invested.

Putnam says the fund has no exposure to the financial firms Lehman Brothers, Washington Mutual or AIG.

Worries that other financial companies could fail cast a pall on the central banks' step, however.

Morgan Stanley's stock price plunged again Thursday as the investment bank scrambled to strike a major deal or raise more cash that will reassure investors and prevent more damage to its free-falling shares.

John Mack, CEO of the bank — now one of only two large standalone investment banks — reached out to China's Citic Group overnight about a possible investment, according to a person familiar with the talks. Morgan Stanley is also considering a combination with retail bank Wachovia Corp. and an investment from Singapore Investment Corp., one of the world's biggest sovereign wealth funds, said the person, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because the discussions were still ongoing.

Goldman's stock was down nearly 15 percent to $98.40 in afternoon trading, having lost nearly 70 percent of its value in two weeks.

In Washington, the president was to meet with economic advisers, including Paulson, over much of the day. "Our financial markets continue to deal with serious challenges," Bush said. "As our recent actions demonstrate, my administration is focused on meeting these challenges."

Administration officials refused to attend a closed-door briefing with House Republicans Thursday morning, said Rep. John A. Boehner of Ohio, the GOP leader, leaving their congressional allies in the dark about recent actions to prop up insurer American International Group Inc. and whether further bailouts might be on the horizon.

Sen. Chris Dodd, D-Conn., the Banking Committee chairman, was peeved when Paulson twice canceled appearances he was to have made before the panel this week. Senators will have to wait until Tuesday to hear from the Treasury secretary and Bernanke on the financial meltdown.

A group of House GOP conservatives circulated a letter to Paulson and Bernanke calling on them to "refrain from conducting any additional government-financed bailouts for large financial firms.

Asked by lawmakers Tuesday if they could promise there would be no more government rescues of major financial institutions in the wake of the bailout for AIG, Paulson and Bernanke refused to commit, said several sources familiar with the conversation. They spoke on condition of anonymity because the meeting was private.

The Fed said it had authorized the expansion of swap lines, or reciprocal currency arrangements, with the other central banks, including amounts up to $110 billion by the ECB and up to $27 billion by the Swiss National Bank.

The Fed also said new swap facilities had been authorized with the Bank of Japan for as much as $60 billion; $40 billion for the Bank of England and $10 billion for the Bank of Canada.

All told, Fed action increased lines of cash to central banks by $180 billion to $247 billion.

For more than a year, investors around the world have watched with growing alarm as the U.S. economy, the world's largest, has struggled to right itself before being tipped over the edge by massive foreclosures, shrinking consumer spending and rising inflation.

The turmoil has swallowed some of the most storied names on Wall Street. Three of its five major investment banks — Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers and Merrill Lynch — have either gone out of business or been driven into the arms of another bank.
After the government bailed out the insurer AIG and a money fund "broke the buck," investors were worried about the riskiness of most assets.

It was the fourth consecutive day of extraordinary turmoil for the American financial system, beginning with news on Sunday that Lehman Brothers, would be forced to file for bankruptcy.

The 4 percent drop Wednesday in the Dow reflected the stock market's first chance to digest the Fed's decision to rescue AIG with an $85 billion taxpayer loan that effectively gives it a majority stake in the company. AIG is important because it has essentially become a primary source of insurance for the entire financial industry.